Author(s)

B. Moller, W. Graf & J. Kluger

Abstract

This paper deals with the application of hybrid, layered, internal force finite elements for the physical, nonlinear analysis of general reinforced concrete folded plate structures based on the variational formulation of Pian/Tong\ Endochronic material laws for concrete and steel are used for describing cyclic loading processes with damage accumulation. The numerical solution is described and demonstrated by way of examples. 1 Introduction Numerical simulations involving only montonically increasing loads yield unsafe results for verifying the servicability and especially the ultimate limit states of re- inforced concrete structures subjected to initial loading, unloading and reloading. Cyclic loading processes require mat

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