Author(s)

D. Sittivate

Abstract

How to estimate the run duration of a horizontal-flow roughing filter D. Sittivate Dept. of Rural Technology, Thammasat University,Pathumthani, Thailand. Abstract Among pre-treatment methods used before slow sand filters (SSF), horizontal- flow roughing filters (HRF) have been found to be the most effective and appropriate for developing country application. This is because they are simple, require no mechanical parts, have low capital cost, can be operated for a long time due to their high solids retention capacity, and with a wide variety of raw surface water characteristics. Most research on HRFs has concentrated on turbidity (solids) removal whereas the way to estimate and design the run duration time before filter (HRF) cleaning is necessary has received little attention. In this research, a large gravel (size 10-20 mm) filter media were placed as a single package, uncovered and outlet at the top. It was found that the laboratory-scale filters used in this st

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