Author(s)

N.R. Shannon, P.A. Mackinnon & G.A. Hamill

Abstract

The quality of coastal waters is affected to a large degree by the dilution and dispersion of wastewater discharged through marine outfalls. Under intermittent or low flows, normal operation of these outfalls is often inhibited by the occurrence of stratified flow and saline intrusion, a phenomenon which results in partial blockage of the system. Having established the validity of a numerical model to predict the main features of stratified flow in an outfall of simple geometry under laminar conditions, further tests were designed to prove its performance under more onerous conditions. The development, results and conclusions from these tests are reported in the current paper. Numerical and experimental tests were carried out using a scale model outfall discharging f

Keywords