Author(s)

P Procházka & J Trcková

Abstract

Numerical methods are generally burden by an error, which is an aftermath of unsure determined input data, mainly of improper constitutive law. This is why the results of \“in situ” measurements are to be involved in the computation and from the measurements the constitutive law is created. The problem consists of the fact that the in situ measurement is very expensive and carried principally out during or even after construction of underground works. In the first stage of realization of such works the material behavior (constitutive law) is not perfectly known, and is only estimated from a couple of tests \“in situ”, or existing geological and geotechnical maps. Such those input data serve mostly only as a brief description of the real situation on site. In a natural intermediate step the data being available from above mentioned sources are used and experimental models from physically equivalent materials (scale models) are created, which provide much deeper information about the behavior of the rock in the location being of interest to us. Such tests are carried out in experimental stands that are firmly constructed basins with slippery walls and bottom. The front wall is often glazed. Consequently, the stands enable the researchers to observe the movements, failure, and other possible phenomena in the massif. This is the first and very important property of the experiment being carried out in the stands. The second step is a very extensive measurement using gauges to obtain local

Keywords