Author(s)

0. Oldervik

Abstract

Emission of hydrocarbon gas to the atmosphere from shuttle tankers 0. Oldervik N- ABSTRACT A model for simulating the emission of hydrocarbon gas to the atmosphere when a (shuttle)tanker is loaded with crude oil is presented. The model is verified against laboratory experiments. It is used to show the effect on the emission when reducing the time needed to load one cargo tank. INTRODUCTION Statoil operated shuttle tankers are used to transport crude oil from several offshore oil fields in the North Sea to onshore terminals in Europe. A con- siderable amount of hydrocarbon (HC) gas is vented from the cargo tanks to the atmosphere during this transportation, and mainly during loading. The emission has been measured during several loadings of shuttle tankers. The measurements show the magnitude of this emission and its rather large range of variation. Model tests that have been carried out, have given rela- tions between this emission and several

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